Competitive Allele Sequence Taqman (CastPCR) technique for sensitive detection of KRAS and BRAF mutations in colorectal cancer. (#2)
A
series of clinically requested colorectal cancer cases were evaluated for KRAS
mutation status comparing traditional bidirectional Sanger dideoxysequencing
and Taqman Mutation Detection Assay using Competitive Allele Specific Taqman
PCR (TMDA CastPCR). All samples
requested prospectively and a series of previous cases with known or ambiguous
sequence mutations were compared using the two different methods. The concordance between the two methods is defined
and limits of detection for each demonstrated- showing the need to carefully
evaluate tumour content as a means of triaging cases in a clinical workflow. The TMDA CastPCR method offers a number of
benefits over standard sequencing technology to investigate clinically relevant
KRAS (and BRAF) mutations in CRC cases- including 1) specificity for the
targeted clinically relevant assays, 2) sensitivity for low proportion tumour
cases such as post treatment resections and some metastatic lesion samples, 3) a
fast turn-around of results and 4) good concordance with Sanger sequencing and other
methods. Due to the specific nature of
this technology this method is unable to detect rare and unusual mutations not
tested within the targeted series of selected mutation assays. However, in combination with a screening
system such as HRM and triaging of cases based on tumour proportion, TMDA CastPCR
represents and useful, cost effective technology for rapid and sensitive
detection of the clinically relevant mutations in colorectal or other cancer samples
in a clinical laboratory workflow. This technology also offers the flexibility
to easily upgraded to new targeted assays in these and other genes such as NRAS,
PIK3CA and an array of other genes within the cancer pathways.